$234 ãã
$134 ãã
æ
å ±
ã¬ãã¥ãŒã®ãŸãšã
ããã£ãŒãã»ãªãŸãŒãïŒããªãŒãã¯ãè¡ãžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã容æã§ãæ°å€ãã®èšåãæŽã£ãŠãããšããã矚ãŸããã»ã©ã®ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«äœçœ®ããã²ã¹ããåã°ããŠããŸããããã£ãŒãã®äžå¿éšã«ã»ã©è¿ãå Žæã«äœçœ®ãããã®ãªãŸãŒãã¯ãç¡æé§è»å Žãå®åãããŠãããã²ã¹ãã¯è¡ãæ¥œã«æ£çã§ããŸããè¿é£ã®æ³šç®ãã¹ãç¹åŸŽãšããŠã¯ãæ°Žäžé£è¡æ©å é ãæž¯ããããŠåªãããªã³ãµã€ãã¬ã¹ãã©ã³ããããŸãã蚪åè
ã¯ãåºã
ãšããŠæž
æœã§ãæè¿æ¹è£
ããããæ¹Ÿãšç©ãããªãŠã©ãŒã¿ãŒããã³ããèŠæž¡ãããã«ã³ããŒä»ãã®å®¢å®€ããã®æ¯ãã®ããããªæ¯è²ãç§°è³ããŠããŸãããã®ãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ãããŒããã¢ãŒã«åå ããããã¡ã€ã³ã®ããŠã³ã¿ãŠã³ãšãªã¢ãæ¢çŽ¢ãããããã®ã«æé©ã§ãå©äŸ¿æ§ãšçŸããæ¯èŠ³ã®å®ç§ãªãã©ã³ã¹ãæäŸããŠããŸãã
ããã£ãŒãã»ãªãŸãŒãïŒããªãŒãã§ã®é£äºãç¹ã«ã1909ãããã³ãã¯ããã®çŽ æŽãããæçãšçŸããæ¯è²ã§é«ãè©äŸ¡ãåŸãŠããŸããæ¹è£
ã®ããæé£ãåžžã«å©çšã§ããããã§ã¯ãããŸããã§ããããããã§é£äºãããã²ã¹ãã¯ãæé£ãšæ°é®®ãªã«ãã®æé«å質ã匷調ããŸãããè¿ãã®ã·ã§ã«ã¿ãŒã¬ã¹ãã©ã³ãããã®çŽ æŽããããã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšåè¶ããæçã§è³è³ãåããŸãããäžéšã®ã²ã¹ãã¯ãææã®äŒæ¥ããæçã®äŸ¡æ Œãéã«ã°ãã€ããããããšãææããŸããããå
šäœçã«ãé£äºã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãæãåºã«æ®ã颚å³è±ããªäœéšã§ã²ã¹ãã®æ»åšãåäžãããŸããã
ããã£ãŒãã»ãªãŸãŒãïŒããªãŒãã®å®¢å®€ã¯ãåºã
ãšããŠããŠãã¢ãã³ã§ãåžžã«æå
¥ããè¡ãå±ããŠããŸããã²ã¹ãã¯ãé«å質ã®ã¢ã¡ããã£ã倧ãããŠå¿«é©ãªãããããããŠæž¯ãŸãã¯æ¹Ÿã®çŸããæ¯è²ã«æè¬ããŠããŸãããããã«ãªè£
食ã¯ããããã§ãã·ã§ãã«ã§æ°æã¡ã®è¯ãã¹ã¿ããã«ãã£ãŠåŒ·åããããæ°é®®ã§éã®æã¡ã©ããã®ãªãé°å²æ°ãäœãåºããŠããŸããããã€ãã®è»œåŸ®ãªã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ã®åé¡ãææãããŸããããã»ãšãã©ã®ã²ã¹ãã¯å®¿æ³æœèšãçŽ æŽããããããã£ãŒãã®èªç¶ã®çŸãããæ¥œãã¿ããæ
è¡è
ã«ãã®ãªãŸãŒãã匷ããå§ãããŠããŸãã
ãã®ãªãŸãŒãã¯ãæž
æœããšã¢ãã³ãªèšåã«ãããŠåªããŠããŸããã²ã¹ãã¯ãæ±ãã²ãšã€ãªãç°å¢ãæå
¥ãã®è¡ãå±ããæœèšãé«å質ã®å®¶å
·ã«ã€ããŠããèšåããŸãããã¹ã«ãŒã ã®æž
æœãã§ææäžåããããŸããããã»ãšãã©ã®ã¬ãã¥ãŒã¯ããªãŸãŒãã®æŽé ãããå€èгãã¢ãã³ãªå
è£
ãå¿«é©ãªå®¢å®€ã«ã€ããŠã®è¯å®çãªäœéšãåæ ããŠããŸãã
ããã£ãŒãã»ãªãŸãŒãïŒããªãŒãã®ã¹ã¿ããã¯ããã®èŠªãã¿ãããã芪åãããããŠæ³šææ·±ãã§åžžã«é«ãè©äŸ¡ãåããŠããŸãã察å¿ãæ©ãããããã§ãã·ã§ãã«ã§ããããšãç¥ãããŠããã¹ã¿ããã¯ãæž©ããé°å²æ°ãäœãåºããç¹å¥ãªãªã¯ãšã¹ãã«å¿ããããã«æå€§éã®åªåãããŠããŸããããŸãæ°æã¡ã®è¯ã察å¿ã§ã¯ãªãã£ããšããåå¥ã®èšåãããã€ããããŸãããã¹ã¿ãããããã«ã®é
åã倧å¹
ã«é«ããŠãããšããå§åçãªæèŠããããŸãã
ãžã ããŸããåªããç¹åŸŽã§ããããã®åè¶æ§ãšçŽ æŽãããæ°Žã®æ¯è²ã§é »ç¹ã«è³è³ãããŠããŸããã²ã¹ãã¯ãæå
¥ãã®è¡ãå±ããæœèšãææ°ã®ãã£ãããã¹æ©åšããããŠãªãŸãŒãå
šäœã®äœéšãåäžãããå£®å€§ãªæµ·ã®æ¯è²ã«æè¬ããŠããŸãã
å®¶æé£ãã¯ãããã£ãŒãã»ãªãŸãŒãïŒããªãŒããç¹ã«å¿«é©ã§ãããšæããŠããŸããåºã
ãšãã客宀ã«ã¯ã幌ãåäŸåãã®ç¬ç«ãããšãªã¢ããããå®¶æå
šå¡ãå¿«é©ã«æ»åšã§ããŸããæž
æœã§å¿«é©ãªç°å¢ãšã芪åã§èŠªåãªã¹ã¿ãããçµã¿åããããå®¶æé£ãã«çæ³çãªéžæè¢ãšãªã£ãŠããŸããåºã®ã²ãŒã ãšãããããã®è¿ãã®ã¬ã¹ãã©ã³ããã䟿å©ãªãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ããå®¶æåãã®é°å²æ°ãããã«é«ããŠããŸãã
å
šäœãšããŠãã²ã¹ãã¯å¿«é©ã§æå
¥ãã®è¡ãå±ããå®¿æ³æœèšãç¹ã«å€§ãããŠå±
å¿å°ã®è¯ãããããé »ç¹ã«åŒ·èª¿ããŠããŸãã䟿å©ãªãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšãåªãããµãŒãã¹ãšã¢ã¡ããã£ãçµã¿åããããããã£ãŒãã»ãªãŸãŒãïŒããªãŒãã¯ãããã£ãŒãã§æãåºã«æ®ããªã©ãã¯ã¹ããæ»åšãæ±ããæ
è¡è
ã«åŒ·ããå§ãã®éžæè¢ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã ã¢ããªã§ãã£ãšãåŸã«